1. indication 缺陷( Z+ j& k9 N7 Q8 S1 z2 @ 2. test specimen 试样: O2 d+ ~$ j& m( d" @% P6 c 3. bar 棒材! x4 A; Q2 D7 A7 q3 q) r 4. stock 原料2 W7 I2 T( P" w' D) Z 5. billet 方钢,钢方坯( T0 i5 p8 x* z# F) Y 6. bloom 钢坯,钢锭1 c2 i p7 b% K0 Z. m 7. section 型材 . m2 f7 e- X; x- t8. steel ingot 钢锭 : n% T# n& b, i @1 D" C$ R. z9. blank 坯料,半成品4 N: W- _/ k- v. L* a 10. cast steel 铸钢+ [0 s6 R1 ^' x6 x: L$ X4 o 11. nodular cast iron 球墨铸铁 1 [, Q% u- I6 ?) I7 c9 z" b( d12. ductile cast iron 球墨铸铁1 ~0 Q) e% w, X A 13. bronze 青铜, o/ _ S- r4 h; P( K+ G& Y 14. brass 黄铜3 |, h7 b6 J& t; b0 s+ L 15. copper 合金8 r4 N! x. y2 Z* G: G8 I- E 16. stainless steel不锈钢4 n( f4 L& i8 v: {& y 17. decarburization 脱碳 & \1 t! l7 O1 }: ~1 X- ?18. scale 氧化皮7 F0 j) L M3 o 19. anneal 退火 * B. V/ b& ^2 ^ o! @20. process anneal 进行退火. N; v2 `. V3 y 21. quenching 淬火 1 @9 K' I3 H. f/ F7 N; ~. J8 @) b22. normalizing 正火 ' L. U9 V3 D# x b0 w0 V6 q- N* v$ w2 Y23. Charpy impact text 夏比冲击试验2 c1 h" E/ U9 u 24. fatigue 疲劳) v! I% s( b& f2 Q: v 25. tensile testing 拉伸试验' I- z" Y! X. M 26. solution 固溶处理9 l- i# j9 E8 G 27. aging 时效处理/ ?1 ]2 a+ V0 w0 b) K' R) d6 d 28. Vickers hardness维氏硬度 & g2 h' U; G/ Y$ k5 H29. Rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度 # @. F6 z) K6 w1 n/ R6 v% Y1 f30. Brinell hardness 布氏硬度" s6 i# K% l. b! D/ C 31. hardness tester硬度计 + j. y2 w6 ^ S0 X32. descale 除污,除氧化皮等 % T) \& C$ `+ z- j33. ferrite 铁素体 6 v" ^$ B9 A6 l0 U/ ]9 ^6 k34. austenite 奥氏体3 X8 f5 x& g6 Z. C7 e6 q) ]2 X: q 35. martensite马氏体 3 W7 I6 \4 p& N" S( X" b36. cementite 渗碳体. ]0 t6 U3 m' D( K! @9 k4 r 37. iron carbide 渗碳体+ f+ D z" X# r 38. solid solution 固溶体$ `0 t$ c1 ~+ E6 ~3 L) Q 39. sorbite 索氏体: @: Y6 @7 c3 u5 F/ o( d 40. bainite 贝氏体. J3 c& G' t/ u$ X 41. pearlite 珠光体" X& ?, A" f+ T3 L0 | 42. nodular fine pearlite/ troostite屈氏体 5 x* f! b/ W! ^43. black oxide coating 发黑, S/ p5 H A* m7 ~3 f: P/ n 44. grain 晶粒. V/ t+ Z/ L# Y3 } U 45. chromium 铬$ ~ Q# T1 R9 `9 a2 ^. } 46. cadmium 镉 9 C6 e2 [3 k2 [# t$ A47. tungsten 钨 9 L+ z1 V* H6 R. Y# {2 L48. molybdenum 钼9 A* L$ S. f* v+ G 49. manganese 锰$ J, @2 H' `0 q8 I1 H0 W5 C 50. vanadium 钒 , R" b- Q c% u+ Q9 @$ p( g51. molybdenum 钼, U S! C# R8 s 52. silicon 硅 ' C! `) ^8 a/ v0 z; C53. sulfer/sulphur 硫 3 P4 S4 m9 B; L) O* Y8 ^; _54. phosphor/ phosphorus 磷: N" [! Z" l5 \/ E+ X& N9 a 55. nitrided 氮化的 6 P8 ~9 r5 N* H56. case hardening 表面硬化,表面淬硬) {7 D9 U0 u& o$ b4 p4 `8 b 57. air cooling 空冷- q) {: B. L+ v% j0 d) y/ I" _5 c 58. furnace cooling 炉冷1 f o, w! d7 |( A+ H- {( \ 59. oil cooling 油冷- ]7 F7 c- Y$ @% A 60. electrocladding /plating 电镀$ j' \0 [# w+ l& ]* B 61. brittleness 脆性% p3 `/ m R% H% i6 H& U 62. strength 强度 $ t6 d- E8 ]' m d" u& p63. rigidity 刚性,刚度 , X' A* I& H3 |: u: X) A64. creep 蠕变! }$ Q$ x( {1 A) E 65. deflection 挠度3 J& Y9 k6 G7 X$ e$ F6 V 66. elongation 延伸率+ l" q: ]$ q) e, x8 Y6 F 67. yield strength 屈服强度8 Z1 r% V- W% `* t3 r7 t: U: y 68. elastoplasticity 弹塑性, ?) R$ n0 k& O! P/ ? 69. metallographic structure 金相组织# \. C' p2 ]. w% i 70. metallographic test 金相试验: E& J. @/ d) {/ \. f! h8 X& z 71. carbon content 含碳量% @2 D; X6 \4 u+ x+ {" b 72. induction hardening 感应淬火 + D ?/ @9 A. H. Y0 r73. impedance matching 感应淬火e; K( R A; Z& p' j d9 q* h1 E 74. hardening and tempering 调质& C8 q! @# N* g 75. crack 裂纹: T% q. R" o: ?4 {6 m1 W4 o6 _, c 76. shrinkage 缩孔,疏松; q+ E4 C/ q0 H( ]3 }! T 77. forging 锻(件)t* g% }" k& d2 A 78. casting 铸(件) & ]- _$ ^# k0 k( z2 z ?0 B79. rolling 轧(件) " Q$ i' f8 [, d" u; D2 X80. drawing 拉(件) 4 c) b v+ t& H1 J81. shot blasting 喷丸(处理) $ u9 B6 T: V% e82. grit blasting 喷钢砂(处理) % ^7 i* R2 n6 }/ @0 s8 x83. sand blasting 喷砂(处理)# S6 M/ h. G# }$ T+ l s9 U* J7 r: j: U 84. carburizing 渗碳" }3 v6 B: g% G/ R3 x 85. nitriding 渗氮* g3 ^3 Y' r) S 86. ageing/aging 时效 3 |9 }# H6 \5 n7 I; k/ m87. grain size 晶粒度- @+ Z) p" A' q% W 88. pore 气孔 , R% J; F# Y. @2 t+ G0 k89. sonim 夹砂- N" f. o$ r6 n8 t- `# s 90. cinder inclusion 夹渣 # t; ?( \( j9 ^0 E v G& M: D9 D91. lattice晶格 ( ~) y' d8 A- x3 a! Q/ T8 E92. abrasion/abrasive/rub/wear/wearing resistance (property) 耐磨性' f4 u2 B/ ^6 | 93. spectrum analysis光谱分析 0 X; t+ O! v) r% B2 R/ u94. heat/thermal treatment 热处理" S$ k: o) A6 a% m 95. inclusion 夹杂物+ E& N* o3 g0 N9 u r 96. segregation 偏析 ) m9 e: K" R$ R- K3 X/ }97. picking 酸洗,酸浸 # D4 ^+ f6 U" P! t4 {+ i8 @+ V98. residual stress 残余应力 ' Q2 ]" Q: \( ]0 j99. remaining stress 残余应力 ( n- b9 f# W& [* L3 j100. relaxation of residual stress 消除残余应力 ) ]. K _5 a1 V2 P+ j# ]3 V101. stress relief 应力释放 |