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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
: S3 n" r2 a- e- `5 I' S3 o* f0 {- w昨天我看了一个TED演讲，来自新西兰的语言学家Chris Lonsdale讲了语言学习的方法。在评估了所有语言学习的研究之后，他总结出了5个原则、7个行动。他相信只要遵从这5个原则、践行这7个行动，任何人都能在6个月内学会一种外语。( ^9 V! N/ Q) u. V- V
) G3 c3 b8 ?: t5 m, ]0 P( \4 _The five principles are:& y" o. p- T. r( l7 Y! G/ C
5个原则：) U! j Z, a. C ^4 |' F
1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.- k( f5 o) h6 n! x
专注和你日常相关的语言内容。
* Q/ Z8 q/ [% v* l% i2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.
2 B, f9 ]& y' `) Y/ @! R5 ~+ ?从学习这门语言的第一天开始，就把它当做你的交流方式。
! M) l- x7 q+ v6 [3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously." a2 W* y: J/ u0 F, U
当你明白含义之后，你会慢慢不知不觉地习得这门语言。3 |, ]8 `0 a) J
4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.
( U- {* ]( H P- A! s( q! V语言学习不是大量知识的积累，而更像是一种生理训练。
8 T( ?5 g. d7 x. l, C5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.
# t( i* p8 D# B. u6 d9 B9 |心理状态和生理状态都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是对于模棱两可要有一定容忍性。对于细枝末节不要过于纠结，因为那会把你逼疯的。* T8 E8 e' B1 |9 V
% F- y) b4 I( L2 v7 J g! u' J
The seven actions are:4 p8 J2 M; P$ L8 P1 R" ~
7个行动：
, S* B. U! k: w, C1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.* q2 r7 |5 b% A) n; A$ e
多听——理解与否不重要，尽管去听吧！去听听语言节奏和说话模式。3 d0 F6 _ l- [1 J. d0 i1 l
2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
6 ~9 G0 s l1 f& Z/ ^7 N先专注理解整体意思，再弄清单词含义。身体语言和面部表情会有所帮助。
" S. E D; w" g2 B' T3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning' ^# {4 p5 a( d5 J" j, Y0 Z
开始混合，创造话语并使用你所学到的一切。
) R5 m: V8 E/ c$ o [1 U( r( B4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more9 Q7 k/ J/ L; S' F }4 B0 \* J9 L
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高频词汇，利用你已经学会的东西学到更多。
+ _* H- w" { @; o5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.% ~/ l. {$ ]1 O6 v' Y- }
找个语伴——能流利讲这门语言的人，或者能尽可能理解你说什么的人。注意，语伴不会纠正你的错误，但能够用正确的语言、你明白的语言来对你的表现做出反馈。& ]: V4 K5 b7 { @' q, Q. \2 |/ o* j
6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.* w7 Z; N/ v' r, x* z% D
模仿面部表情——有些人的母语正是你要学习的新语言，你要观看他们讲话，观察他们的面部表情、尤其是讲话时的嘴型。
% t8 v1 {5 n3 W& v0 L% A4 S7 a8 [7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.
0 l+ d1 s+ N. d; R9 E. [在大脑和目的语之间建立“直接联系”——想办法让语言和大脑中的图像或其他内部表象产生直接联系。 |
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发表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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