老鹰 发表于 2006-4-13 21:09:55

极端制造是制造科技的发展趋势

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm -19.65pt 0pt 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-para-margin-right: -1.87gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">制造技术正在从常规制造、传统制造向非常规制造及极端制造发展。极端制造是指在极端制造环境下，制造极端尺度或极高功能的器件和功能系统。当前，极端制造集中表现在微细制造、超精密制造、巨系统制造和强场制造，如制造微纳电子器件、微纳光机电系统等极小尺度和极高精度产品；制造空天飞行器、超常规动力装备、超大型冶金和石油化工装备等极大尺寸和极强功能的重大装备。以大型金属构件塑性成形制造能力为例，二战以后美、俄、法等国总结了德国二战中空中优势的来源之一为超大型金属构件的锻造能力，迅速建造了一批</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">4.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">7.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">万吨的巨型水压机，因而迅速提高和发展了空中作战能力以及洲际运载能力。再以微制造为例，纳米技术和微纳系统是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">21</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">世纪高技术的制高点，而微制造则是其基础。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">2004</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">年美国联邦政府、各州政府和工业界投入微制造、纳米技术领域的预算将超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">21</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">亿美元。据《国际半导体技术指南》预测：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">2010</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">年前后当特征线宽减小到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">纳米后，微电子器件将接近物理极限，进入纳电子器件时代。因此，现代制造科学的重要前沿是要在物质结构与运动的多层次、多尺度条件下探索极端制造规律，它将成为制造业发展的科技先导，也是建立具有国际核心竞争力的经济体系和国防体系的基础。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

飞龙yt 发表于 2006-4-15 15:43:04

Re: 极端制造是制造科技的发展趋势

楼主是否可以说的再多写

woshixingyu 发表于 2011-6-22 10:46:53

目前国内中国二重的1.65万吨水压机都说是世界最大的啦, 外国的4.5到7.5万吨的巨型水压机早就有了,这是什么原因呢,
还是你说的这些是油压机?

jesson_yang 发表于 2011-6-24 09:43:58

极端制造，精密制造，基础工业与工人素质和责任心
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