表面发黑处理工艺

hfcx2518 发表于 2006-10-21 20:23:24

钢制件的表面发黑处理，也有被称之为发蓝处理<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p>
发黑处理现在常用的方法有传统的碱性加温发黑和出现较晚的常温发黑两种。<o:p></o:p>
但常温发黑工艺对于低碳钢的效果不太好。<o:p></o:p>
A3钢用碱性发黑好一些。<o:p></o:p>
碱性发黑细分出来，又有一次发黑和两次发黑的区别。<o:p></o:p>
发黑液的主要成分是氢氧化钠和亚硝酸钠。<o:p></o:p>
发黑时所需温度的宽容度较大，大概在135摄氏度到155摄氏度之间都可以得到不错的表面，只是所需时间有些长短而已。<o:p></o:p>
实际操作中，需要注意的是工件发黑前除锈和除油的质量，以及发黑后的钝化浸油。发黑质量的好坏往往因这些工序而变化。<o:p></o:p>
 金属“发蓝”药液     采用碱性氧化法或酸性氧化法；使金属表面形成一层氧化膜，以防止金属表面被腐蚀，此处理过程称为“发蓝”。     黑色金属表面经“发蓝”处理后所形成的氧化膜，其外层主要是四氧化三铁，内层为氧化亚铁。 一、碱性氧化法“发蓝”药液     1．配方： 硝酸钠50～100克氢氧化钠600～700克亚硝酸钠100～200克水1000克<o:p></o:p>
    2．制法：按配方计量后，在搅拌条件下，依次把各料加入其中，溶解，混合均匀即可。     3．说明：     （1）金属表面务必洗净和干燥以后，才能进行“发篮”处理。     （2）金属器件进行“发蓝”处理条件与金属中的含碳量有关，“发蓝”药液温度及金属器件在其中的处理时间可参考下表。 金属中含碳量%工作温度（℃）处理时间（分）开始终止>0.7135-13714310-300.5-0.7135-14015030-50<0.4142-145153-15540-60合金钢142-145153-15560-90<o:p></o:p>
    （3）每隔一星期左右按期分析溶液中硝酸钠、亚硝酸钠和氢氧化钠的含量，以便及时补充有关成分。一般使用半年后就应更换全部溶液。     （4）金属“发蓝”处理后，最好用热肥皂水漂洗数分钟，再用冷水冲洗。然后,又用热水冲洗，吹于。 二、酸性氧化法“发蓝”药液     1．配方： 磷酸3～10克硝酸钙80～100克过氧化锰10～15克水1000克<o:p></o:p><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">    2<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">．制法：按配方计量后，在不断搅拌条件下，依次把磷酸、过氧化锰和硝酸钙加入其中，溶解，混合均匀即可。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">     3<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">．说明：<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">     <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">（<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">1<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">）金属器件先经洗净和干燥后才能进行<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">发蓝<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">处理。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">     <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">（<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">2<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">）此法所得保护膜呈黑色，其主要成分是由磷酸钙和铁的氧化物所组成，其耐腐能力和机械强度均超过碱性氧化法所得的保护膜。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">     4.“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">发蓝<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">工作温度为<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">100<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">℃<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">，处理时间为<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">40<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">～<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">45<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">分钟。在处理碳素钢时，药液中磷酸含量控制在<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">3<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">～<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">5<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">克／升；处理合金钢或铸钢时，磷酸含量控制在<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">5<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">～<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">10<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">克／升。应注意定期分析药液磷酸的含量。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">     5.“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">发蓝<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma">处理后金属器件的清洗方法同上。

追风发表于 2006-10-22 11:17:02

Re: 表面发黑处理工艺

xiexie

zhoujh-happy 发表于 2007-10-25 21:23:44

:lol 谢谢楼上

dod4606 发表于 2007-10-25 21:25:37

xiexie!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

5198604091 发表于 2007-10-27 15:15:34

鬼狼兄好!!下了你不少资料,很感谢你~请问你在哪个城市上班啊?

王兵发表于 2007-11-1 08:36:01

不锈钢表面发黑层较薄,抗腐蚀性能差

现在我们公司有不锈钢表面发黑热处理的工艺,但效果不好,发黑层较薄,抗腐蚀性能差.用的工艺是放热型保护气氛(天然气).露点是4-10度.那位大侠有关于不锈钢化学热处理的方面的资料和经验.多谢

万里长空 发表于 2007-11-21 16:25:10

很明了.谢谢楼主!!!

海狸鼠 发表于 2007-11-23 10:00:08

据我所知，目前不锈钢好像还不能进行很好的表面处理吧。我们公司也正需要的，如果谁知道，谢谢能分享

water145349 发表于 2009-3-26 11:27:43

我们公司的产品钢管经过发黑工艺后内部出现结晶物，请问是什么原因

手拉手 发表于 2009-3-28 22:04:28

我正想了解呢！

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